A 43-year-old man with a 10-year history of alcoholism comes to the physician because of a change in skin color. The patient says that he has been taking two extra-strength acetaminophen tablets every 4 to 6 hours for the past 3 days for a severe headache. Physical examination shows jaundice. Laboratory studies show an increased prothrombin time and a markedly increased serum AST activity. Alteration in which of the following metabolites within hepatocytes is most likely associated with his illness?
A)Decreased glucuronide conjugates
B)Decreased glutathione
C)Decreased NAD+
D)Decreased NADH
E)Increased glucuronide conjugates
F)Increased glutathione
G)Increased NAD+
H)Increased NADH
i have chosen C, but it is wrong , please help me , thank you
1) A 72-year-old woman is admitted to the hospital because of an acute myocardial infarction. She undergoes cardiac catheterization. Angiography shows a left dominant circulation, and 90% narrowing of the artery supplying the diaphragmatic surface and atrioventricular node of the heart. A balloon angioplasty is scheduled during which a stent will be inserted in the narrowed vessel. The catheter and the balloon must be passed through which of the following vessels (stated in order) to reach the narrowed vessel?
A) left coronary, circumflex, anterior interventricular (left anterior descending)
B) left coronary, circumflex, posterior interventricular (posterior descending)
C) left coronary, posterior interventricular (posterior descending), circumflex
D) Right coronary, circumflex, anterior interventricular (left interior descending)
E) Right coronary, circumflex, posterior interventricular (posterior descending)
F) Right conronary, posterior interventricular (posteriro descending), circumflex
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2)Influenza virus strains are characterized by differing sensitivity to growth inhibition by the weak base ammonium chloride (AC). Influenza A San Francisco (SF) produces virus yields in AC-treated cells that approximate those in untreated cells, whereas influenza A New York (NY) grows poorly in AC-treated cells. To identify viral genes that segregate with differences in the sensitivity of these strains to AC, reassortant viruses are isolated by coinfecting cells with both virus strains. The ratios of the growth of the reassortant viruses in the presence and absence of AC are show in the table.
Virus Strain AC+/AC-Ration Genome Segment (protein)
Parental
NY 0.005 (PA)NY (HA)NY (NP)NY (NA)NY (M1/M2)
SF 0.8 SF SF SF SF SF
Reassortant
NY-SF/1 1.0 SF SF NY NY SF
NY-SF/2 0.8 NY SF NY SF SF
NY-SF/3 0.8 SF SF NY SF NY
NY-SF/4 0.5 NY SF SF NY NY
NY-SF/5 0.4 NY SF SF SF NY
NY-SF/6 0.008 NY NY NY SF SF
NY-SF/7 0.004 SF NY NY SF SF
NY-SF/8 0.002 SF NY NY SF NY
which of the following viral gene segments segregates with progeny viruses that are resistant to ammonium chloride?
A) HA
B) M1/M2
C) NA
D) NP
E) PA
the answer is B
the sulfhydryl group "-SH" are used to detoxify the toxic metobolite of acetaminophen N-acetylbenzoquinoamine which is a free radical
P.S. the stem of the question is emphasizing chronic alcoholism as it induces CYP450 producing more of the toxic metabolite of acetaminophen.