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Which of the following is a recommendation of the
U.S. Preventive Services Task Force?
(A) Annual mammography beginning at age 40
(B) Colonoscopy every 5 years beginning at age 50
© Total blood cholesterol measurement for all individuals
at age 35
(D) Annual vision screening beginning at age 50
(E) Annual blood pressure measurement in all individuals
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anybody wants to try other answers?
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The answer is E. In order for a screening test to receive sanctioning as a
valid procedure, certain basic criteria need to be met: (1) the disease must be a significant
enough public health issue to warrant a screening program; (2) the test itself must be
feasible, not too costly, and not be associated with an unacceptably high rate of falsepositive
or negative results; and (3) the disease must be sufficiently treatable at an early
stage so that intervention (during a latency period of goodly length) will improve the
outcome. Actually, very few tests in practice have measured up to these stringent criteria,
chiefly due to lack of prospective data. Nonetheless, the U.S. Preventive Service Task
Force has endeavored to recommend a reasonable battery of screening studies or procedures:
annual blood pressure/height and weight/Pap smear; fecal occult blood testing and/
or sigmoidoscopy for those 49 years; mammography for women between 50 and 70;
total blood cholesterol (men aged 35 to 64; women aged 45 to 64); and a check for vision
and hearing impairment for those 65 years.
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so, 3 month old baby gets annual BP check ?
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got also wrong on this, my sourse of this Q, is harrison self assesment.
on the other hand, i just think that i am doing internal medicine q's in harrison, so i think thats why they answered it that way.
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hi vammfire, this is from USPSTF website:
Summary of Recommendations
The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends screening mammography, with or without clinical breast examination (CBE), every 1-2 years for women aged 40 and older.
Rating: B recommendation.
Rationale: The USPSTF found fair evidence that mammography screening every 12-33 months significantly reduces mortality from breast cancer. Evidence is strongest for women aged 50-69, the age group generally included in screening trials. For women aged 40-49, the evidence that screening mammography reduces mortality from breast cancer is weaker, and the absolute benefit of mammography is smaller, than it is for older women. Most, but not all, studies indicate a mortality benefit for women undergoing mammography at ages 40-49, but the delay in observed benefit in women younger than 50 makes it difficult to determine the incremental benefit of beginning screening at age 40 rather than at age 50.
The absolute benefit is smaller because the incidence of breast cancer is lower among women in their 40s than it is among older women. The USPSTF concluded that the evidence is also generalizable to women aged 70 and older (who face a higher absolute risk for breast cancer) if their life expectancy is not compromised by comorbid disease. The absolute probability of benefits of regular mammography increase along a continuum with age, whereas the likelihood of harms from screening (false-positive results and unnecessary anxiety, biopsies, and cost) diminish from ages 40-70. The balance of benefits and potential harms, therefore, grows more favorable as women age. The precise age at which the potential benefits of mammography justify the possible harms is a subjective choice. The USPSTF did not find sufficient evidence to specify the optimal screening interval for women aged 40-49 (go to Clinical Considerations).
The USPSTF concludes that the evidence is insufficient to recommend for or against routine CBE alone to screen for breast cancer.
Rating: I recommendation.
Rationale: No screening trial has examined the benefits of CBE alone (without accompanying mammography) compared to no screening, and design characteristics limit the generalizability of studies that have examined CBE. The USPSTF could not determine the benefits of CBE alone or the incremental benefit of adding CBE to mammography. The USPSTF therefore could not determine whether potential benefits of routine CBE outweigh the potential harms.
The USPSTF concludes that the evidence is insufficient to recommend for or against teaching or performing routine breast self-examination (BSE).
Rating: I recommendation.
Rationale: The USPSTF found poor evidence to determine whether BSE reduces breast cancer mortality. The USPSTF found fair evidence that BSE is associated with an increased risk for false-positive results and biopsies. Due to design limitations of published and ongoing studies of BSE, the USPSTF could not determine the balance of benefits and potential harms of BSE.
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