03-21-2011, 10:23 PM
lets start..
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*nbme 3 block 4 -q1----------q50 - drona99
*nbme 3 block 4 -q1----------q50 - drona99
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*nbme 3 block 4 -q1----------q50 - drona99
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03-21-2011, 10:29 PM
1--cc
Pathogenesis of β-thal Decrease in β-globin chain synthesis Mild anemia is most often due to DNA splicing defects. Severe anemia is due to a nonsense mutation with formation of a stop codon. Premature termination of β-globin chain synthesis or absent β-globin chain synthesis. Normal synthesis of α, δ, γ-globin chains. β-Thal minor (β/β+) Mild microcytic anemia Mild protective effect against falciparum malaria RBC life span is shorter than normal. Decreased MCV, Hb, and Hct Increased RBC count Normal RDW and serum ferritin Hb electrophoresis Decreased HbA (2α/2β  Increased HbA2 (2α/2δ and HbF (2α/2γ There is no treatment. β-Thal major (Cooley's anemia; β0/β0) Severe hemolytic anemia RBCs with α-chain inclusions are removed by macrophages in the spleen. Causes an increase in unconjugated bilirubin RBCs with α-chain inclusions undergo apoptosis in the bone marrow (ineffective erythropoiesis). Extramedullary hematopoiesis Increased RDW and reticulocytes Hb electrophoresis No synthesis of HbA Increase in HbA2 and HbF Long-term transfusion requirement danger of iron overload (called hemosiderosis)
03-22-2011, 12:09 AM
2--BB
competitve antagonist-- Competitive inhibitors resemble the substrate and overcome by increase in substate concentration so Km will be increased and there is no change in velocity.
03-22-2011, 01:21 AM
3--cc
Glogi apparatus for post tarnslational modification of golgi apparatus http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/medi...osynthesis http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK269...objectonly http://bcs.whfreeman.com/thelifewire/con...02002.html Glogi apparatus adds mannose 6 phosphate to specific lysosomal protin to target the protein to the lysosome .Failure of this results in I cell disease ;enzymes are secreted outside the cell instead of being targeted to lysosome . c/f coarse fascial features ;clouding of cornea; coarse fascial features ;restricted joint movement and high plasma levels of lysosomal enzymes.
03-22-2011, 01:33 AM
4--CC
Influx of Na --depolerisation efflux of K --repolerisation
03-22-2011, 01:35 AM
5==EE
allel frequency BB =45 +45 AB=25 so total 115/200 so ee
03-22-2011, 01:41 AM
6--cc
nuetrophil chemotactic factors are C5a LTB4 IL8
03-22-2011, 01:52 AM
8--A
malignant hyperthermia associated with use of skeletal muscle relaxant succynylcholine . Genoype susceptibility related to ryanodine receptars and or protein component of L -type calcium channel in skeletal muscle. Rx with dantrolene which blocks ca channels and release of ca from sarcoplamic reticulum and decreases muscle contractions.
03-22-2011, 01:59 AM
9--CC
From the graph t 1/2 life of drug is 3 hrs so afeter 1 half life cocn in plsam will be 50% 2 half life = 75% 3half life=87.5% 4half life =93.75% 5half life =97% so 5 X 3==15 hrs |
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